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Suicide has historically been a crime in some parts of the world.〔Ormerod (ed). Smith and Hogan's Criminal Law. 13 ed. OUP. 2011. p 583. (This source refers to England before the commencement of the Suicide Act 1961).〕 However, the decriminalisation of individual suicides have occurred in western societies, although the act is still stigmatised and discouraged. In other contexts, such as ancient Rome or medieval Japan, suicide was seen as a defiant act of extreme personal freedom against perceived or actual tyrants. While a person who has completed suicide is beyond the reach of the law, there can still be legal consequences in the cases of treatment of the corpse or the fate of the person's property or family members. The associated matters of assisting a suicide and attempting suicide have also been dealt with by the laws of some jurisdictions. Some countries criminalise failed suicide attempts. Historically laws against suicide and mercy killing have developed from religious doctrine, for example, the claim that only God has the right to determine when a person will die. ==History== In ancient Athens, a person who had died by suicide (without the approval of the state) was denied the honours of a normal burial. The person would be buried alone, on the outskirts of the city, without a headstone or marker.〔Plato. ''Laws'', (Book IX )〕 A criminal ordinance issued by Louis XIV in 1670 was far more severe in its punishment: the dead person's body was drawn through the streets, face down, and then hung or thrown on a garbage heap. Additionally, all of the person's property was confiscated.〔Durkheim, Émile (1897). ''Suicide''. New York: The Free Press (reprint, 1997), 327. ISBN 0-684-83632-7.〕 In 1823 the ‘Burial of Suicide Act’ of 1823 abolished the legal requirements of burying Suicides and other people at crossroads.〔Also called the Felo de se Act 1823, the Interments (felo de se) Act 1823, the Burials (Felo de se) Act 1823, and the Suicide Act 1823.〕〔https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=OyZOAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA105&lpg=PA105&dq=%224+Geo+4+c+52%22&source=bl&ots=yKv0HcBJjC&sig=15o1kzUIZaJI6j-bSBskPpwV2ws&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAmoVChMIj-al5_msyAIVTL0UCh1DxwU5#v=onepage&q=%224%20Geo%204%20c%2052%22&f=false〕 Even in modern times, legal penalties for the act of suicide have not been uncommon. By 1879, English law had begun to distinguish between suicide and homicide, though suicide still resulted in forfeiture of estate. Also, the deceased were permitted daylight burial in 1882. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Suicide legislation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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